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- $Unique_ID{BRK03630}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia}
- $Subject{Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia Osteochondroplasia Pyle's Disease
- Osteopetrosis Frontometaphyseal Dysplasia}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 735:
- Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Craniometaphyseal
- Dysplasia) is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to
- find the alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Osteochondroplasia
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Pyle's Disease
- Osteopetrosis
- Frontometaphyseal Dysplasia
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
- Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia is a rare genetic disorder that is
- characterized by head and facial abnormalities, hearing loss and bone
- deformities of the legs.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia is a genetic disorder that is usually evident at
- birth. This disorder is characterized by the abnormal growth (hyperostosis)
- or hardening of the bones of the forehead and back of the head. The facial
- bones may show thickening, especially at the bridge area of the nose and
- lower jaw bone (mandible). The nose is abnormally small with narrow nasal
- passages and inflammation of the mucous membranes (rhinitis). The eyes are
- widely spaced and bulging (proptosis). If cranial pressure is not relieved
- there may be facial paralysis, deafness and loss of vision due to compression
- of the brain and cranial nerves. The limbs may be affected by a hardening
- (sclerosis) or broadening of the shaft of the long bones close to the growth
- center (metaphyseal splaying). Intelligence is usually normal.
-
- Causes
-
- The exact cause of Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia is not known. It is believed
- to be inherited as an autosomal dominant genetic trait, but may also be
- inherited as a recessive genetic trait.
-
- Human traits, including the classic genetic diseases, are the product of
- the interaction of two genes, one received from the father and one from the
- mother.
-
- In dominant disorders a single copy of the disease gene (received from
- either the mother or father) will be expressed "dominating" the other normal
- gene and resulting in appearance of the disease. The risk of transmitting
- the disorder from affected parent to offspring is fifty percent for each
- pregnancy regardless of the sex of the resulting child.
-
- In recessive disorders, the condition does not appear unless a person
- inherits the same defective gene for the same trait from each parent. If a
- person receives one normal gene and one gene for the disease, the person will
- be a carrier for the disease, but usually will show no symptoms. The risk of
- transmitting the disease to the children of a couple, both of whom are
- carriers for a recessive disorder, is twenty-five percent. Fifty percent of
- their children will be carriers, but healthy as described above. Twenty-five
- percent of their children will receive both normal genes, one from each
- parent, and will be genetically normal.
-
- Affected Population
-
- Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia is a very rare disorder that affects males and
- females in equal numbers.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of
- Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia. Comparisons may be useful for a differential
- diagnosis:
-
- Pyle's Disease is often confused with Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia. It is
- a rare genetic disorder characterized by head and facial abnormalities, and
- multiple skeletal deformities. Occasionally there may be muscle weakness,
- joint pain, fractures, an elongated big toe, curvature of the spine
- (scoliosis) and misplaced teeth.
-
- Osteopetrosis is a rare genetic bone disorder. It can be inherited as
- either a dominant or recessive trait. Initial symptoms of the dominant form
- of Osteopetrosis may include bone fragility leading to easy fractures and
- unusual dental problems. Bone pain may occur in the spine, and cranial
- nerves may be affected. Some vision defects or facial palsy may also be
- symptomatic of the dominant form of Osteopetrosis. Severe anemia may occur
- due to obliteration of the bone marrow.
-
- A more serious recessive form of Osteopetrosis is present at birth and
- can be diagnosed by skeletal x-rays. Symptoms may include retardation of
- growth, enlargement of the head, a deformity of the base of the skull and
- delayed closure of the soft spot on the skull of infants with this disorder.
- Vision failure, cataracts, deafness, dental decay, chest deformity and brain
- damage are also symptomatic of the more severe form of Osteopetrosis. (For
- more on this disorder, choose "Osteopetrosis" as your search term in the Rare
- Disease Database.)
-
- Frontometaphyseal Dysplasia is a rare genetic disorder characterized by
- coarse facial features that include a wide nasal bridge, widely spaced eyes,
- overgrowth of the bone over the eyes (supraorbital bossing), small jawbone
- (mandible) and an incomplete development of the sinuses. There may also be
- multiple deformities of the teeth and bones. Occasionally mental retardation
- may occur.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Early surgical treatment of Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia to relieve cranial
- pressure and correct the facial deformities may help eliminate the sight and
- hearing complications associated with this disorder. Genetic counseling may
- be of benefit for patients and their families. Other treatment is
- symptomatic and supportive.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- January 1990. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
- every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
- Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
- current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia,
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- NIH/National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-5133
-
- Forward Face
- 560 First Ave.
- New York, NY 10016
- (212) 263-5205
- (800) 422-FACE
-
- National Craniofacial Foundation
- 3100 Carlisle Street, Suite 215
- Dallas, TX 75204
- 1-800-535-3643
-
- National Foundation for Facial Reconstruction
- 550 First Ave.
- New York, NY 10016
- (212) 340-5400
-
- National Association for the Craniofacially Handicapped
- P.O. Box 11082
- Chattanooga, TN 37401
- (615) 266-1632
-
- For genetic information and genetic counseling referrals:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 8th ed.: McKusick; Johns Hopkins University
- Press, 1986. Pp. 181, 879.
-
- SMITH'S RECOGNIZABLE PATTERNS OF HUMAN MALFORMATION, 4th ed.: Kenneth L.
- Jones, M.D.; W.B. Saunders Co., 1988. Pp. 349.
-
- CRANIOMETAPHYSEAL DYSPLASIA. F. Martin; J LARYNGOL OTOL (February 1977,
- issue 91 (2)). Pp. 159-169.
-
- OPTIC ATROPHY AND VISUAL LOSS IN CRANIOMETAPHYSEAL DYSPLASIA. C.
- Puliafito, et al.; AM J OPTHALMOL (November 1981, issue 92 (5)). Pp. 696-
- 701.
-
- CRANIOMETAPHYSEAL DYSPLASIA--VARIABILITY OF EXPRESSION WITHIN A LARGE
- FAMILY. P. Breighton, et al.; CLIN GENET (March 1979, issue 15 (3)). Pp.
- 252-258.
-
- AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT CRANIOMETAPHYSEAL DYSPLASIA. CLINICAL VARIABILITY. A.
- Carnevale, et al.; CLIN GENET (January 1983, issue 23 (1)). Pp. 17-22.
-
-